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George Smith (Assyriologist)
George Smith (Chelsea, London 26 March 1840 – 19 August 1876), was a pioneering English Assyriologist who first discovered and translated the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', one of the oldest-known written works of literature.〔Barry Hoberman, "
B() Archaeologist] Portrait: George Smith (1840–1876) Pioneer Assyriologist", ''The Biblical Archaeologist'' 46.1 (Winter 1983), pp. 41–42.〕
==Early life and early career==
As the son of a working-class family in Victorian England, Smith was limited in his ability to acquire a formal education.〔Damrosch, pp.12–15〕 At age fourteen, he was apprenticed to the London-based publishing house of Bradbury and Evans to learn banknote engraving, at which he excelled. From his youth, he was fascinated with Assyrian culture and history. In his spare time, he read everything that was available to him on the subject. His interest was so keen that while working at the printing firm, he spent his lunch hours at the British Museum, studying publications on the cuneiform tablets that had been unearthed near Mosul in present-day Iraq by Austen Henry Layard, Henry Rawlinson, and their Iraqi assistant Hormuzd Rassam, during the archaeological expeditions of 1840–1855. In 1863 Smith married Mary Clifton (1835–1883), and they had six children.
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